Course Content
VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Content
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Course Introduction
Introduction to vSphere and the Software Defined Data Center
As a vSphere administrator, you must be familiar with the components on which vSphere is based. You must also understand the following concepts: Virtualization, the role of the ESXi hypervisor in virtualization and virtual machines Fundamental vSphere components and the use of vSphere in the software-defined data center Use of vSphere clients to administer and manage vSphere environments
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Overview of vSphere and Virtual Machines
vSphere Virtualization of Resources
vSphere User Interfaces
Overview of ESXi
Virtual Machines
You can create a virtual machine in several ways. Choosing the correct method can save you time and make the deployment process manageable and scalable.
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Creating Virtual Machines
Virtual Machine Hardware Deep Dive
Introduction to Containers
vCenter Server
vCenter Server helps you centrally manage multiple ESXi hosts and their virtual machines. If you do not properly deploy, configure, and manage vCenter Server Appliance, your environment might experience reduced administrative efficiency or ESXi host and virtual machine downtime.
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Centralized Management with vCenter Server
Deploying vCenter Server Appliance
vSphere Licensing
Managing the vCenter Server Inventory
vCenter Server Roles and Permissions
Monitoring vCenter Server Appliance
Backing Up and Restoring vCenter Server Appliance
vCenter Server High Availability
Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks
When you configure ESXi networking properly, virtual machines can communicate with other virtual, and physical, machines. In this way, remote host management and IP-based storage operate effectively.
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Introduction to vSphere Standard Switches
Configuring Standard Switch Policies
Configuring and Managing Virtual Storage
Understanding the available storage options helps you set up your storage according to your cost, performance, and manageability requirements. You can use shared storage for disaster recovery, high availability, and moving virtual machines between hosts.
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vSphere Storage Concepts
Fibre Channel Storage
iSCSI Storage
VMFS Datastores
NFS Datastores
vSAN Datastores
Virtual Machine Management
Virtual machines are the foundation of your virtual infrastructure. Managing VMs effectively requires skills in creating templates and clones, modifying VMs, migrating VMs, taking snapshots, and protecting the VMs through replication and backups.
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Creating Templates and Clones
Working with Content Libraries
Modifying Virtual Machines
Migrating VMs with vSphere vMotion
Enhanced vMotion Compatibility
Migrating VMs with vSphere Storage vMotion
Creating Virtual Machine Snapshots
vSphere Replication and Backup
Resource Management and Monitoring
Although the VMkernel works proactively to avoid resource contention, maximizing performance requires both analysis and ongoing monitoring. Developing skills in resource management, you can dynamically reallocate resources so that you can use available capacity more efficiently.
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Virtual CPU and Memory Concepts
vSphere Resource Controls
vSphere Resource Monitoring Tools
Monitoring Resource Use in vSphere
Using Alarms in vSphere
vSphere Clusters
Most organizations rely on computer-based services like email, databases, and web-based applications. The failure of any of these services can mean lost productivity and revenue. By understanding and using vSphere HA, you can configure highly available, computer-based services, which are important for an organization to remain competitive in contemporary business environments. And by developing skills in using vSphere DRS, you can improve service levels by guaranteeing appropriate resources to virtual machines.
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vSphere Clusters Overview
vSphere DRS
Introduction to vSphere HA
vSphere HA Architecture
Configuring vSphere HA
Introduction to vSphere Fault Tolerance
vSphere Lifecycle Management
Managing the life cycle of vSphere involves keeping vCenter Server and ESXi hosts up to date and integrated with other VMware and third-party solutions. To achieve these goals, you must understand how to use the new features provided by vSphere Lifecycle Manager, namely, clusterlevel management of ESXi hosts and the vCenter Server Update Planner.
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vCenter Server Update Planner
Overview of vSphere Lifecycle Manager
Working with Baselines
Working with Images
Managing the Life Cycle of VMware Tools and VM Hardware
VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage
About Lesson

Monitoring Resource Use in vSphere

Learner Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should be able to meet the following objectives:

  • Monitor the key factors that can affect a virtual machine’s performance
  • Use performance charts to view and improve performance

Interpreting Data from Tools vCenter Server monitoring tools and guest OS monitoring tools provide different points of view.

CPU-Constrained VMs (1)

If CPU use is continuously high, the VM is constrained by the CPU. However, the host might have enough CPU for other VMs to run.

CPU-Constrained VMs (2)

Multiple VMs are constrained by the CPU if the following conditions are present:

  • High CPU usage in the guest operating system
  • Relatively high CPU readiness values for the VMs

Memory-Constrained VMs (1)

Compare a VM’s memory consumed and granted values to determine whether the VM is memory-constrained.

Memory-Constrained VMs (2)

If a VM consumes its entire memory allocation, the VM might be memory-constrained, and you should consider increasing the VM’s memory size.

Memory-Constrained Hosts

Any evidence of ballooning or swapping is a sign that your host might be memory-constrained.

Disk-Constrained VMs

Disk-intensive applications can saturate the storage or the path.   If you suspect that a VM is constrained by disk access, take these actions:

  • Measure the throughput and latency between the VM and storage.
  • Use the advanced performance charts to monitor throughput and latency:
    • Read rate and write rate
    • Read latency and write latency

Monitoring Disk Latency

To determine disk performance problems, monitor two disk latency data counters:

  • Kernel command latency:
    • This counter is the average time that is spent in the VMkernel per SCSI command.
    • High numbers (greater than 2 milliseconds or 3 milliseconds) represent either an overworked array or an overworked host.
  • Physical device command latency:
    • This counter is the average time that the physical device takes to complete a SCSI command.
    • High numbers represent a slow or overworked array, for example:
  • For spinning disks (HDDs), greater than 15 milliseconds or 20 milliseconds
  • For SSDs, greater than 3 milliseconds or 4 milliseconds

Network-Constrained VMs

Network-intensive applications often bottleneck on path segments outside the ESXi host:

  • Example: WAN links between server and client

If you suspect that a VM is constrained by the network, take these actions:

  • Verify that VMware Tools is installed and that VMXNET3 is the virtual network adapter.
  • Measure the effective bandwidth between the VM and its peer system.
  • Check for dropped receive packets and dropped transmit packets.

Review of Learner Objectives

After completing this Monitoring Resource Use in vSphere lesson, you should be able to meet the following objectives:

  • Monitor the key factors that can affect a virtual machine’s performance
  • Use performance charts to view and improve performance
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